Friday, February 22, 2008
International Journal of Nanomedicine

Human-derived nanoparticles and vascular response to injury in rabbit
carotid arteries: Proof of principle

Maria A K Schwartz1, John C Lieske2, Vivek Kumar2, Gerard Farell-
Baril2, Virginia M Miller1,3

1Departments of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Internal
Medicine; 2Division of Nephrology, and 3Surgery, Mayo Clinic College
of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA

Abstract: Self-calcifying, self-replicating nanoparticles have been
isolated from calcified human tissues. However, it is unclear if these
nanoparticles participate in disease processes. Therefore, this study
was designed to preliminarily test the hypothesis that human-derived
nanoparticles are causal to arterial disease processes. One carotid
artery of 3 kg male rabbits was denuded of endothelium; the
contralateral artery remained unoperated as a control. Each rabbit was
injected intravenously with either saline, calcified, or decalcified
nanoparticles cultured from calcified human arteries or kidney stones.
After 35 days, both injured and control arteries were removed for
histological examination. Injured arteries from rabbits injected with
saline showed minimal, eccentric intimal hyperplasia. Injured arteries
from rabbits injected with calcified kidney stone- and arterial-
derived nanoparticles occluded, sometimes with canalization. The
calcified kidney stone-derived nanoparticles caused calcifications
within the occlusion. Responses to injury in rabbits injected with
decalcified kidney stone-derived nanoparticles were similar to those
observed in saline-injected animals. However, decalcified arterial-
derived nanoparticles produced intimal hyperplasia that varied from
moderate to occlusion with canalization and calcification. This study
offers the first evidence that there may be a causal relationship
between human-derived nanoparticles and response to injury including
calcification in arteries with damaged endothelium.

Keywords: arterial calcification, endothelial injury, intimal
hyperplasia

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2104 OLE-IJN-OA-2008-Schwartz.pdf
http://dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=2104

http://dovepress.com/articles.php?content_id=2231

Nanobac Announces Publication of Association of Nanoparticle and
Kidney Stone Formation

Results May Change Approach to Medical Management of Kidney Stones

Last update: 11:28 a.m. EST Feb. 19, 2008

TAMPA, FL, Feb 19, 2008 (MARKET WIRE via COMTEX) -- Nanobac
Pharmaceuticals Inc. ("Nanobac" or "the Company") announces
publication in the International Journal of Nanomedicine research that
scientists from the University of California San Francisco
collaborating with Nanobac scientists at NASA's Johnson Space Center
have concluded demonstrating that calcium deposits in the human kidney
called Randall's Plaque may in fact be Calcifying Nano Particles
(CNPs, also referred to as nanobacteria) which lead to the formation
of Kidney Stones.

The study, led by Marshall Stoller M.D. of UCSF and Neva Ciftcioglu,
formerly Nanobac's Director of Science at NASA Johnson Space Center,
found that CNPs were identified and cultured from Randall's Plaques
and detected by Nanobac's proprietary diagnostics. This could
represent potential new early diagnosis and treatment opportunities
for patients who suffer from Kidney Stones.

Dr. Olavi Kajander, Nanobac's Chief Research and Science Officer,
stated: "A strong link was found between the presence of Randall's
Plaques and the detection of CNPs. These results suggest new insights
into the etiology of Randall's Plaque formation, and will help us
understand the pathogenesis of stone formation. Further studies on
this topic may lead to new approaches on early diagnosis and novel
medical therapies of kidney stone formation."

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com .

http://www.marketwatch.com/News/Story/Story.aspx?guid=%7B23B8D8FD-022...

Article - International Journal of Nanomedicine
http://dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=2030
http://dovepress.com/articles.php?content_id=2151

International Journal of Nanomedicine

Issue: ON-LINE EARLY
Pages: 0-0

Association between Randall's plaque and calcifying nanoparticles

Neva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M
Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L
Stoller2

1Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA;
2Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA; 3University of Kuopio, Department of Biosciences/
Biochemistry, Kuopio/Finland; 4Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa, FL,
USA; 5National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson
Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

Objectives: Randall initially described calcified subepithelial
papillary plaques, which he hypothesized as nidi for urinary calculi.
The discovery of calcifying nanoparticles (CNP), also referred to as
nanobacteria, in calcified soft tissues has raised another hypothesis
about their possible involvement in urinary stone formation. This
research is the first attempt to investigate the potential association
of these two hypotheses.

Methods: We collected renal papilla and blood samples from 17 human
patients who had undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy.
Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) was applied using monoclonal
antibody (mAb) against CNP. Homogenized papillary tissues and serum
samples were cultured for CNP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and
energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on papillary
samples. Serum samples were tested for CNP antigen and antibody with
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Randall's plaques (RP) were visible on gross inspection in 11
out of 17 samples. IHS was positive for CNP antigen in 8 of the
visually positive samples, but in only 1 of the remaining samples. SEM
revealed spherical apatite-formations in 14 samples confirmed by EDS
analysis. In cultures, all serum samples and 13 tissue homogenates
grew CNP. In ELISA, 14 samples were positive for CNP-antigen and 11
samples were positive for CNP-antibody.

Conclusion: There was evidence of a link between detection of CNP and
presence of RP. Although causality was not demonstrated, these results
suggest that further studies with negative control samples should be
made to explore the etiology of RP formation, thus leading to a better
understanding of the pathogenesis of stone formation.

Keywords: calcifying nanoparticles, nanobacteria, Randall's plaque,
urinary stone

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2030 OLE-IJN-OA-2008-Ciftcioglu.pdf

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. Engages Legal Team to Enforce Patent
Rights

Last update: 9:15 a.m. EST Feb. 7, 2008

TAMPA, Fla., Feb 07, 2008 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Nanobac Pharmaceuticals
Inc. ("Nanobac" or "the Company") is pleased to announce that it has
engaged Guy Ricciardulli for services related to claims for damages,
injury or loss out of patent infringement.

"We are pleased to have Guy and his exceptional team working with us
on protecting our intellectual property estate," stated John Stanton,
Nanobac's Chairman and CEO. "We are at a true turning point at Nanobac
with our science, our products and our partnerships, and we need to
protect our intellectual property estate."

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com .

European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on January 12,
2008
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm592

Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights
reserved. (c) The Author 2008. For permissions please email:
journals.permissi...@oxfordjournals.org

Association between self-replicating calcifying nanoparticles and
aortic stenosis: a possible link to valve calcification

Miguel A. Bratos-Pérez1, Pedro L. Sánchez2,*, Susana García de Cruz1,
Eduardo Villacorta3, Igor F. Palacios4, José M. Fernández-Fernández1,
Salvatore Di Stefano3, Antonio Orduña-Domingo1, Yolanda Carrascal3,
Pedro Mota3, Cándido Martín-Luengo5, Javier Bermejo2, José A. San
Roman3, Antonio Rodríguez-Torres1, Francisco Fernández-Avilés2 on
behalf of Grupo AORTICA (Grupo de Estudio de la Estenosis Aórtica)

1 Servicio de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico
Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
2 Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio
Marañón, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
3 Instituto de Ciencias del Corazón (ICICOR), Hospital Clínico
Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
4 Cardiac Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
5 Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain

Received 17 July 2007; revised 2 November 2007; accepted 29 November
2007.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +34 637971999, Fax: +34 915868276, E-
mail: pedrolsanc...@secardiologia.es

Aims: Among various hypotheses proposed for pathological tissue
calcification, recent evidence supports the possibility that self-
replicating calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs) can contribute to such
calcification. These CNPs have been detected and isolated from
calcified human tissues, including blood vessels and kidney stones,
and are referred to as nanobacteria. We evaluated calcific aortic
valves for the presence of CNP.

Methods and results: Calcific aortic valves were obtained from 75
patients undergoing surgical valve replacement. The control group was
formed by eight aortic valves corresponding to patients with heart
transplants. In the microbiology laboratory, valves were screened for
CNP using a 4-6 weeks specific culture method. The culture for CNP was
positive in 48 of the 75 valves with aortic stenosis (64.0%) in
comparison with zero of eight (0%) for the control group (P = 0.0005).
The observation of cultures by way of scanning electron microscopy
highlighted the resemblance in size and morphology of CNP.

Conclusion: Self-replicating calcific nanometer-scale particles,
similar to those described as CNP from other calcific human tissues,
can be cultured and visualized from calcific human aortic valves. This
finding raises the question as to whether CNP contribute to the
pathogenesis of the disease or whether they are only innocent
bystanders.

Key Words: Nanobacteria * Calcifying nanoparticles * Aortic stenosis *
Calcification

http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/ehm592v1

Nanobac Announces European Heart Journal Publication of Association
Between Calcifying Nanoparticles and Aortic Stenosis

Last update: 10:59 a.m. EST Jan. 22, 2008

TAMPA, Fla., Jan 22, 2008 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Nanobac Pharmaceuticals
Inc. ("Nanobac" or "the Company") announces the multicenter
publication of independent research which reports an association
between calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs) and aortic stenosis. Aortic
stenosis represents the most frequent cause of heart valve replacement
(Bratos-Perez et al, European Heart Journal Advance Access, doi:
10.1093/eurheartj/ehm592).

The authors contend: "For the first time, this study shows that CNP
could be causally related to aortic stenosis in humans. We suggest
that CNPs colonize the aortic valve, provoking an inflammatory
response, resulting in valve calcification via two distinct
mechanisms: directly given their capacity to precipitate calcium in
the shape of apatite crystals, at physiological calcium and phosphate
concentrations, and indirectly by activating the inflammatory
pathways."

"Although the finding of nanoparticles in such a significant number of
patients with calcific aortic stenosis does not establish that such
particles influence this condition, the question of such influence now
`begs' to be answered," said Richard A Berger MD.FACC., Asst Professor
of Cardiology University of Miami Medical School.

Diagnosis for the presence of CNPs in these patients may be of help in
learning more about this frequently fatal disease. Aortic valve
stenosis affects 2-8% of adults over the age of 65, and is the number
one indication for surgical valve replacement in the US and Europe.
Nanobac has developed proprietary diagnostics to identify patients
that could benefit from therapy for preventing the advance of this
disease to stages needing surgery. Valve replacement surgery is
currently the only curative treatment, but it is limited to patients
of younger age, better health and has the limitation of the need for
anticoagulant therapy not suitable for all patients. Nanobac also has
therapies that treat CNPs, and could eliminate the need for surgery.
Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com.

SOURCE: Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tampa
Brady Millican, 813-264-2241
or
Redwood Consultants
Jens Dalsgaard, 415-884-0348

Ultrafine Air Pollution May Cause Heart Disease, Researchers Say

January 21, 2008 5:36 a.m. EST

Paul Icamina - AHN News Writer

Los Angeles, CA (AHN) - Air pollution can be bad for the heart.
Similar to the hazards of second hand smoke, nanoparticles in air
pollution may promote hardening of the arteries and cause heart
disease, according to researchers.

Nano, or ultrafine, particles are the size of a virus or molecule,
about one-thousandth the size of a human hair. The Environmental
Protection Agency does not regulate particles in the nano or ultrafine
range.

The nanoparticles from vehicle emissions may be the most damaging
because they cause plaque buildup in the arteries that increases the
risk of a heart attack and stroke, according to the study posted in
the online edition of Circulation Research journal.

Researchers from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), the
University of Southern California, the University of California,
Irvine and Michigan State University contributed to the study headed.

"It appears that the smallest air pollutant particles, which are the
most abundant in an urban environment, are the most toxic," said lead
author Dr. Jesus Araujo, assistant professor of medicine and director
of environmental cardiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at
UCLA. "This is the first study that demonstrates the ability of nano-
sized air pollutants to promote atherosclerosis in an animal model,"
he said on the UCLA website.

http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009781271

Nanobac Announces Baylor College of Medicine Initial Results for
Nanoparticle and Gall Stone Formation Study
Jan 15 2008, 9:23 AM EST

News source: Business Wire

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. (OTCBB:NNBP) ("Nanobac" or "the Company")
announces that scientists at the Baylor College of Medicine, working
under a collaborative agreement with Nanobac, have cited evidence
showing the presence of calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs) in surgically
resected gallbladders with cholelithiasis (Gall Stones). This
potentially represents a previously unrecognized factor in the
development of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis disease.

The project seeks to determine if human cell derived nanoparticles are
pathogenic and induce inflammatory (cholecystitis) and calcific
pathologic (cholelithiasis) disease. The project also seeks to confirm
prior Nanobac studies, conducted in China, that Nanobac's diagnostic
test specifically identifies CNPs.

The study results suggest a strong association between CNPs and
cholelithiasis and conclude that it is conceivable that a specific
therapy for CNPs may prevent cholecystitis and reduce the need for
surgical intervention. The results were given at the 58th Annual
Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
The abstract was published in "Hepatology 46(4) 699A 1036 Suppl S,
2007" issue.

Dr. Maniscalco, co-chair of Nanobac, stated, "We believe that CNPs
play a major role in pathologic calcification and a multitude of
associated disease states such as calcification of arteries and
organs. This study, conducted by one of the lead medical and research
facilities in the United States, lends credence to our beliefs."

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com.

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. to Present at the Fall Life Sciences
Conference in New York Premier Event to Be Held November 1st

NNBP  today announced that it has been invited to present at Friedland
Investment Events' Life Sciences Conference in New York. The
Conference will be held November 1st at the DoubleTree Hotel Times
Square, 1568 Broadway (47th / 7th), New York.

The Life Sciences Conference will feature presentations by senior
management of publicly traded companies in the biotech, healthcare,
medical devices and pharmaceutical industries.

Senior management of Nanobac's presentation will include a review of
current operations, and most importantly the company's plans for the
future.

Commenting on the company's participation at the conference, Dr.
Benedict Maniscalco, Nanobac's Chief Medical Officer stated, "Nanobac
is enthusiastic that our participation and presentation at the Life
Sciences Conference in New York will provide the opportunity to update
select and invited representatives of buy-side and sell-side firms
regarding the company, and most importantly, our plans for the
future."
Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com
.
About Friedland Investment Events
Friedland Investment Events LLC, the sponsor of the Global Equities
Conference, is the world's largest sponsor of financial and investment
events, sponsoring hundreds of conferences, luncheons, dinner,
cocktail receptions and road shows annually throughout the United
States.

Title:           Microscopic Observation of Self-Propagation of Calcifying
Nanoparticles (Nanobacteria)

Author(s):      Mathew, Grace; McKay, David S.; Ciftcioglu, Neva

Abstract:       Biologists typically define living organisms as carbon and
water-based cellular forms with self-replication" as the fundamental
trait of the life process. However, this standard dictionary
definition of life does not help scientists to categorize self-
replicators like viruses, prions, proteons and artificial life. CNP
also named nanobacteria were discovered in early 1990s as about 100
nanometer-sized bacteria-like particles with unique apatite mineral-
shells around them, and found to be associated with pathological-
calcification related diseases. Although CNP have been isolated and
cultured from mammalian blood and diseased calcified tissues, and
their biomineralizing properties well established, their biological
nature and self-replicating capability have always been severely
challenged. The terms "self-replication", "self-assembly" or "self-
propagation" have been widely used for all systems including
nanomachines, crystals, computer viruses and memes. In a simple
taxonomy, all biological and non-biological "self replicators", have
been classified into "living" or "nonliving" based on the properties
of the systems and the amount of support they require to self-
replicate. To enhance our understanding about self-replicating nature
of CNP, we have investigated their growth in specific culture
conditions using conventional inverted light microscope and BioStation
IM, Nikon s latest time-lapse imaging system. Their morphological
structure was examined using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM)
electron microscopy. This present study, in conjunction with previous
findings of metabolic activity, antibiotic sensitivity, antibody
specificity, morphological aspects and infectivity, all concomitantly
validate CNP as living self-replicators.

NASA Center:    Johnson Space Center
Publication Date:       [2007]
Document Source:        CASI
No Digital Version Available:   Go to Tips On Ordering
Document ID:    20070030087
Price Code:     A03
Related Information:    To appear in the Nano Letters; projected release
date is Oct. 2007

Keywords:       BACTERIA NANOPARTICLES TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ORGANISMS VIRUSES METABOLISM CULTURE
TECHNIQUES DISEASES CALCIUM PHOSPHATES CRYSTALS

Accessibility:  Unclassified; Copyright; Unlimited; Publicly
available;
Updated/Added to NTRS:  2007-10-03

http://ntrs.larc.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=467951&id=1&qs=Ntt%3Dcalcifyin...

Calgenex Introduces Calci-CLEAR™ Line of Dietary Supplements:
Addresses Calcification of Arteries and Soft Tissues

TAMPA, Fla. (BusinessWire EON) April 11, 2007 -- Calgenex Corporation
announced today the introduction of Calci-CLEAR, an exclusive line of
dietary supplements addressing calcification of the soft tissues
including the hardening of the arteries and inflammation. Calgenex is
one of the few companies in the world addressing this pervasive yet
often ignored health condition.

We recognize that calcification and inflammation are at the heart of
many of the health conditions affecting Americans today

Soft tissue calcification is the abnormal hardening or thickening of
tissue into bone like material sometimes referred to as hard plaque,
stones, or calcified deposits. Calcification is not classified as a
disease; however calcium deposits are often associated with many
chronic diseases including cancer, arthritis, diabetes, kidney stones,
psoriasis, and heart disease. Calcium buildup in arteries is an early
warning sign of increased risk of coronary heart disease. People with
higher arterial calcium levels are more likely to develop
atherosclerosis, stroke and other heart ailments later in life than
those with normal levels. In fact, some researchers and physicians now
argue that degree of calcification is a more important risk factor for
heart disease than cholesterol.

Historically, calcium deposits were thought to occur later in various
health conditions, although no exact mechanism has been discovered.
Recent studies illustrate, however, that calcium deposits may play a
much more active role. In fact, new research is showing that nano-
sized calcium phosphate crystals in the soft tissues can harm cells
and provoke inflammation.

“We recognize that calcification and inflammation are at the heart of
many of the health conditions affecting Americans today,” stated Grant
Carlson, president and CEO of Calgenex. “It is a little known fact
that calcification is associated with more than half of diseases on
the leading cause of death list. We developed Calci-CLEAR to help rid
the body of calcium phosphate crystals that may result in soft tissue
calcification and to potentially improve the quality of life for
countless individuals.”

Calci-CLEAR is a Three Step System that works in five ways:

    * Cleanses calcium crystals from the body through the use of
sequestering agents that help bind calcium crystals;
    * Activates proteins that inhibit soft tissue calcification, such
as the matrix GLA protein, through the use of ingredients such as
Vitamin K2;
    * Promotes mineral balance by rebalancing the body's mineral
stores to the ratios that nature intended;
    * Neutralizes harmful free radicals through powerful antioxidants;
and
    * Protects cardiovascular health through many heart healthy
ingredients such as Pycnogenol™, Schizandra, Astragalus, Pomegranate,
Grape seed extract, Resveratrol and Coenzyme Q10.(1)

The Calci-CLEAR system will soon be available through physician
offices and is currently available online at www.calgenex.com or
www.calciclear.com.

Calgenex Corporation manufactures and markets condition specific
dietary supplements, topical OTC drugs and personal care products.
Calgenex is located at 9950 Princess Palm Ave., Suite 320 in Tampa,
Florida.

For more information about the company or its products, please visit
www.calgenex.com, phone 813-623-5268, or email gcarl...@calgenex.com .

(1) These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug
Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure,
or prevent any disease.

http://eon.businesswire.com/releases/calgenex/calcification/prweb5182...

Calgenex Names Joseph Jacobs, M.D., as Consulting Medical Director

2006-09-14 - Calgenex Corporation

TAMPA, Fla.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Sept. 14, 2006--Calgenex Corporation
today announced that Joseph Jacobs, M.D., MBA, has joined the
nutraceutical and personal care products company in the position of
Consulting Medical Director.

Dr. Jacobs straddles the bridge between conventional and alternative
therapies. He received his medical degree from Yale University,
completed his residency at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Yale-
New Haven Medical Center, and obtained his masters in business
administration from the Wharton School of Business. He has authored
and/or contributed to eight books including Cancer: Principles and
Practice of Oncology, Medical Futility and the Complementary/
Alternative Medicine: An Evidenced-Based Approach. Yet this doctor is
just as familiar with traditional approaches to health care. Dr.
Jacobs' mother was a full-blooded Caughnawaga Mohawk Indian and his
father was part Cherokee. Growing up, he was exposed to numerous
herbal medicines and healing ceremonies to cure sickness.

His intimate knowledge of both traditional and conventional medicine
made Dr. Jacobs the perfect candidate for the position of director of
the Office of Alternative Medicine at the National Institutes of
Health, where he examined the scientific validity of various
alternative treatments, such as acupuncture, chiropractic, herbal
medicine, biofeedback and homeopathy.

"We are very pleased to have someone with Dr. Jacobs' experience in
both alternative medicine and health care administration on our
management team," commented Grant Carlson, president and CEO of
Calgenex. The company manufactures and markets dietary supplement,
topical over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, and personal care products
specially formulated to combat the effects of soft tissue
calcification and inflammation. "Dr. Jacobs began assisting the
Company shortly after its founding in February 2006. Dr. Jacobs has
always been a leader in healthcare innovation. As consulting medical
director, he will help guide the clinical development of our products
and communicate our message to both the medical community and the
general public."

Dr. Jacobs shared Carlson's enthusiasm. "There is strong evidence that
soft tissue calcification, or plaque, is a widespread health
phenomenon affecting the health and quality of life of millions of
Americans," stated Dr. Jacobs. "I think the folks at Calgenex are onto
something very exciting that may improve the lives of millions."

Founded in 2006, Calgenex Corporation manufactures and markets dietary
supplements, topical OTC drugs and personal care products specially
formulated to combat the effects of soft tissue calcification and
inflammation. Calgenex is located at 9950 Princess Palm Ave., Suite
320 in Tampa, Florida. For more information about the company or its
products, please visit http://www.calgenex.com , phone 813-623-5268,
or email gcarl...@calgenex.com .

http://www.npicenter.com/anm/templates/newsATemp.aspx?articleid=16545...

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Acquires Option to License Calgenex Technology
to Treat Atherosclerosis and Prostatitis

Wednesday October 3, 9:15 am ET

TAMPA, Fla.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. (OTCBB:NNBP
- News; "Nanobac" or "the Company") announced today that it signed an
agreement with Calgenex granting Nanobac an option to assess Calgenex'
drug delivery technology for potential use with Nanobac's drug
combinations used in treating atherosclerosis, prostatitis, and other
pathologic calcification diseases. The technology includes a novel
combination of bisphosphonate and silicic acid.

"Today's option agreement is a testament towards our goal of
evaluating the best therapeutic delivery technologies used with our
compounds to treat diseases associated with pathologic calcification,"
commented Alex H. Edwards III Director, Nanobac Pharmaceuticals. "We
will be evaluating the Calgenex technology in the context of our drug
development efforts in order to improve on an important class of
drugs, namely bisphosphonates."

There are a number of bisphosphonate drugs on the market including
Fosamax, Evista, Actonel, and most recently Boniva. The administration
of these drugs has been historically problematic. Advances in delivery
mechanisms, such as enteric coatings and extended release formulas
have helped with patient compliance, however challenges still exist.
Nanobac is investigating the use of Bisphosphonates in combination
with other approved compounds for the treatment diseases associated
with soft tissue calcification, including atherosclerosis and
prostatitis.

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com .

Contact:

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa
Brady Millican, 813-264-2241
or
Redwood Consultants
Jens Dalsgaard, 415-884-0348

Source: Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Calgenex tackles calcification

By Clarisse Douaud

9/13/2006 - New manufacturer and marketer Calgenex Corporation is
taking the condition-specific approach to supplementation to a very
specific level - tackling soft tissue calcification with a range of
products.

In an effort to set themselves apart from the crowd, more and more
manufacturers and distributors are marketing products to particular
health conditions, as such bypassing the dilemma of relying on
consumer nutritional education and instead directly labeling the
health condition a specific set of compounds supports.

Like many other supplement companies, Calgenex is aiming its soft
tissue calcification support products primarily at the baby boomer
generation - the generation with the most disposable income and also
the age bracket in which the condition manifests itself most
pervasively.

"The company was founded on the premise that calcification is a very
important condition facing Americans today," Calgenex president and
CEO Grant Carlson told NutraIngredients-USA.com. "We have too much
calcium in our bodies that is then forming calcium crystals in our
soft tissues."

The budding Tampa, Florida-based company was founded in February 2006
and has just announced the launch of its Calci Clear product line.
Carlson says the products will initially be marketed in the US through
both the Internet and infomercials, but he is relying on the
originality of the product health target to bring it to retail shelves
domestically and abroad.

"It's really a new category," said Carlson of the company's strategic
focus on supplementation for soft tissue calcification.

Calci Clear consists of a three-step program of supplements, which
Calgenex claims cleanses the body of calcium crystals while also
keeping new crystals from forming. The company website describes
ingredients EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), citric acid,
sodium citrate, malic acid, and green algae-derived chlorophyll as
"sequestering agents" that bind with unwanted calcium crystals and
heavy metals and flush them out of the body.

Carlson says Calgenex's blend of minerals, vitamins and chemical
compounds is patent-pending and tests are currently underway on its
products in various locations in the US. The Calci Clear ingredients
include: green algae chlorophyll, chlorella, as well as antioxidants
like alpha lipoic acid, pycnogenol pine bark extract, grape seed
extract and coenzyme Q10.

Under normal mineral conditions in the body, calcification is limited
to bones and teeth, but when soft tissue calcification occurs, tissue
hardens into bone-like material. While calcium is an essential
nutrient for the body, when other mineral deficiencies occur in the
body - according to Calgenex - an imbalance can result in calcium
flowing into the cells, which become more hyperactive and excitable.

Soft tissue calcification is associated with numerous chronic health
conditions such as atherosclerosis, arthritis, kidney stones,
prostatitis, psoriasis and cataracts. Also known as ectopic
calification, the condition can be associated with cell death and can
damage vessels, tissues, and internal organs.

Calgenex sought out its niche in a condition it says plays a role in
many serious diseases.

"We recognized that soft tissue calcification and inflammation were at
the heart of many health conditions affecting millions of Americans
and that they could be addressed by certain ingredients found in
nature," said Carlson.

A look at arthritis statistics gives a glimpse at the possible
occurrence of soft tissue calcification in the US. Soft tissue
calcification can result from arthritis - more specifically from
crystal deposition diseases that fall under the category of
inflammatory arthritis. And by 2030, an estimated 67 million of
Americans aged 18 years or older will have doctor-diagnosed arthritis,
according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics.

http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=70518-calgenex-cal...

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Announces Continuation of Space Act Agreement
with NASA: NASA to Study Characterization of the Physical and Chemical
Properties of Calcifying Nano Particles and Their Role in Calcifying
Diseases

Last Update: 9:15 AM ET Sep 18, 2007

TAMPA, Fla., Sep 18, 2007 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Nanobac Pharmaceuticals
Inc.  ("Nanobac" or the "Company") is pleased to announce the signing
of a Space Act Agreement with NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC),
Houston Texas, to collaborate on research on Calcifying Nanoparticles
(CNP) and its nature and role in pathological calcification, including
the detection and treatment of the pathogen. Since Astronauts may be
more prone to an increased rate of pathological calcification while in
a zero gravity environment, the collaboration will bring a new
approach to NASA's need to better understand the effects of long-term
space travel on humans.

NANOBAC and NASA are interested in pathological calcium phosphate
particles found in diseases such as kidney stones, prostatitis, and
arthritis, which are all conditions that accelerate in humans in a
zero gravity environment. This collaboration would provide NASA the
opportunity to utilize NANOBAC's diagnostic and treatment experience
in this field in support of NASA's exploration goals related to
understanding the effects of long-term space travel on humans and
offer Nanobac the opportunity to further develop its methods and
utilize NASA instrumentation to further characterize the CNPs.

Part of the instrumentation to be used is the Focused Ion Beam (FIB)
in order to mill CNP samples for use in Scanning and Transmission
Electron Microscopy (SEM, TEM, STEM) analyses to characterize internal
CNP mineralogy. Additionally, Laser Microprobe, Organic Mass-
Spectrometric analyses and Nano-SIMS elemental and isotopic analyses
will be performed to characterize the organic content of the CNPs.

"We are pleased to be able to extend our Director of Science time at
NASA for these important projects," commented Dr. Benedict Maniscalco,
Nanobac's Co-Chair and Chief Medical Officer. "We appreciate the
opportunity to work with some of the country's most talented
scientists."

Nanobac's Director of Science Neva Ciftcioglu added: "The continuation
of our collaborative research with NASA will give us an opportunity to
stay with exceptionally experienced diverse scientific members helping
us to complete the biological definition of the unique agent:
calcifying nanoparticles."

For more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com .

SOURCE: Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa
Brady Millican, 813-264-2241
or
Redwood Consultants
Jens Dalsgaard, 415-884-0348

Agreement with American Health Associates

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. Signs Agreement with American Health
Associates Clinical Laboratories to Provide Calcifying Nanoparticle
Tests in the United States
"Test Available 4th Quarter 2007"

Last Update: 9:15 AM ET Sep 12, 2007

TAMPA, Fla., Sep 12, 2007 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Nanobac Pharmaceuticals
Inc. ("Nanobac" or "the Company") and American Health Associates
Clinical Laboratories (AHA) have reached an agreement for AHA to serve
as the exclusive U.S. provider of Nanobac proprietary blood tests that
can detect blood levels of Calcifying Nanoparticles (CNPs), which are
found in coronary artery calcification, kidney stones, and other stone
forming diseases. CNPs have been found in preliminary studies to be
markers of arterial calcification, which in turn is a reliable marker
of heart disease risk. AHA is a well-established certified laboratory
headquartered in Miramar, Florida, and accepts blood samples from
across the U.S.

The tests can detect CNP antigens and antibodies. Analysis will be
performed at AHA's main laboratory in Miramar. Nanobac's laboratory in
Finland will continue to service the world market after having
performed thousands of such tests worldwide since the year 2000.

"This is the continuation of our new business strategy that was
announced on our investor conference call three weeks ago," commented
Alex Edwards Director Nanobac Pharmaceuticals. "Making our diagnostic
test for CNPs available under IUO conditions will help meet the
growing demand from patients and physicians throughout the country.
This is the first step toward acceptance of our NB2 test as a valuable
health evaluation tool and potentially a standard of care in this
country."

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc. is headquartered in Tampa, Florida. For
more information, visit our website at: http://www.nanobac.com.

SOURCE: Nanobac Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa
Brady Millican, 813-264-2241
or
Redwood Consultants
Jens Dalsgaard, 415-884-0348